Ventilating-grate



(No Model.) v 4 Sh'ets-Sheet 1..

S. SHAW.

VENTILATING GrRJIE.'`

No. 471,575.. Patentedmar. 29, 1892. MS n -AAAAA v Y. [WMU W sam V ,memm

(No Model.) 4.Sheets-Sheet 2. S. SHAW.

VENTILATINGGRATE- Patented Mar. 29,1892.

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S. SHAW. VBNTILATING GRATE.

No. 471,575. Patented MaI-. 29, 1892.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

s. SHAW. VENTILATING GRATE.

,Na 471,575- Patented Mar. 29, 1.892.*

' vmemnm is ENQ.

Wmegaem NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. y

SAMUEL SHA, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE MURDOCK PARLOR CRATE COMPANY, OF MASSACHUSETTS.

VENTlLATlNG-G RATE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.147'1,575, dated March29, 1892.

- Application tiled May 20, 1889. Serial No. 311,444. (No model.)

To a/ZZ whom, it may concern.-

Beit known that I, SAMUEL SHAW, of N ewton, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Ventilating- Grates, of which the following is a specification. v

My invention relates to open grates; and it consists in certain new and useful constructions and combinations of the several parts thereof, substantially as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front view of an open grate provided with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line 'x of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section on line e ,e of Fig. 2. Fig. is a horizontal section on line y y of Fig. 4. Figs. 6 and 7 are enlarged detail views of parts of the grate, showing the method of operating the dampers.

1 is the grate, which is inclosed in a casing 12, supported upon the base part 3. The casing 12 is open above the grate on its front side in the ordinary manner and has a smokeliue 4 leading from its upper part to the chimney for the escape of smoke and gases from the fuel consumed in the grate and to create a draft for burning the latter. The casing 12 is cut through at its back part and ends opposite to and for some distance above the grate, and a lining 10 is bolted to the casing all around the grate part which holds the fuel, and this lining has corrugated portions 5 5, which proj ect through the cut-out portions 0f casing 12 and are iiuted longitudinally, so as to afford more radiating-surface for the air to come in contact with on their rearward' faces. By this construction I am enabled to have the advantages of a cast-iron lining to the grate, which conveys heat more rapidly and readily than tire-brick, because the lining lO is made of cast-iron, while the casing 12, into which it is fitted, is made of wrought-iron sheets and form tight joints with the cast-iron, which do not warp or draw open like those A made between two cast-iron pieces and thus allow gas to escape into the air-space between casings 12 and 13 behind the grate.

The base 3 is in the form of an inclosed box meeting the lower edges of the casing 12 around the grate and sustaining the grate in front, and it has draft holes or places 6 6 cut through its exposed front part, which are closed by the damper 7, Fig. 4, operated by the knob 5 5 8, by which it is slid longitudinally to open or close the air-draft in the usual manner. A front plate 9 forms a frame or face around the open part of the fire-place, being joined to the casing 12 around its inner edges and 6o resting against the brick-work of the fireplace at its outer edge on the back side.

Around the casing 12 at some distance from it is a casing 13, which completely incloses casing 12, so as to leave aspace between them around the ends, back, and top of the grate. The casing 13 has its front edges resting against the frame-plate 9, to which it is attached air-tight. A casing 14 incloses the casing 13 ina similar manner outside of that,hav 7o ingits front edges secured to the frame-plate 9, so as to leave a space all around between the two atthe ends, top, and back of the grate. I have thus provided two complete air-spaces between the casings 12 13 and 13 14 to inter- 75 cept the radiation of heat from the grate at its ends, back, and top. The air-space between casings 13 and 14 is'what is known as a deadair space, being merely for the purpose of preventing the loss of heat by radiationfrom 8o the inner air-space. The smokeiue4passes through both of these air-spaces and through the casings 12 13 14 out into the chimney. The inner air-space between casings 12 and 13 has an induct-flue l5 leading into itat the 85 bottom, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, which may be connected with a pipe leading out of doors or open into the room in which the grate stands by having the grate supported on feetor raised parts under thecorners of the base. 9o Just above the opening 15 is the damper 16, turning upon pivot 17, which closes the outlet of the ilue 15 and shuts the air oif from passing up between casings 12 and 13 whenever desired. Just above this damper are horizontal shelves 18 18, projecting laterally inward from the casing 13, so as to partially fill the space between that and .casing 12 and onlyleave it open immediately around the latter opposite the edge of each shelf. The space between the edge of each shelf and the inner casing will be particularly observed to IDO be of substantially even breadth all around the lining, so as to form a true flue-throat for the upward ow of the heated air, thereby avoiding obstructing eddies, which would check or even destroy it in this case wh ere it is delivered out of the grate at so short'a distance above its point of entry thereunder and can have no long chimney attached to overcome these eddies byits suction or draft. It is a well-known fact that this even throat-t'. e., not wider at one pointthan another--in an air-passage is essential to a perfect and even upward How-of heated air, which rises by its own buoyancy. It will also be observed that the throat formed by each shelf 18 above the lowermost one is a little wider than the one below it. This allows for the expansion of theair as itheats in its upward iiow'and accelerates the latter. These shelves18 corre.- spond-intheir location with the longitudinal flutingsin the lining 10, so as to force the air l in and out around those tiutings and against the casing 12 and compel it to become heated by contact therewith. These shelves 18 also perform another function in holding between them a certain partof the air and preventing its escape upward, because that which rises from the inlet 15, is carried by the suction or draft past what is retained between the shelves 18, andA the` latter serve to prevent the heat from radiating through casing13, because it cannot readily pass through the bodies of air retainedbetween theshelves 18. This pecu-V liar function of the shelves in interposing bodies of air confined by them between the ascending current and the casing 13 (opposite to the burning fuel) is due to the fact that the airk can only, escape past the inner edge of each shelf 18, the ends and rear edge of the shelf being tightly fitted all around in the easing 13. If the shelves did not titcasing 13 at its ends, the air would escape from between the shelves constantly past those ends and not be forced pastl the inner edges of shelves.

18 andbodies of air would` not be conned between the shelves 18 and thus interposed between the ascending column of air and the casingy 13 opposite to the burning fuel in the grate. This utilization of shelves 18 to confine bodies of air between themand so arrest Aradiation rearward from the grate, as well as to force the air past the inner edges of the shelves next to the corrugated lining'lO, is,lv

believe, new, because heretofore when shelves have been used` they havev not been made to tit tightly in the outer casing, corresponding to 13, so as to compel 'all the air to pass their inner edges next tothe backing of the grate through athroat of substantially even breadth in all its parts. Y

At the upperl end of the space between cas' ings 12and 13 are located three dampers 19 20 21, turning o n horizontal pivots a, ct at their centers,.so as to close the upper end of the space when desired. These dampers are operated by means of the knob 22, (shown in Figs. 1 and 2,) which slides up and down -face of the damperl.

through slot 23 in the frame-plate 9. When these dampers are thus opened, the air will escape through the perforated plate 27, which forms a part of the frame-plate 9 and covers the space above the grate between casings 12 and 13, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. heat radiated backward from the grate is made to heat an additional air-supply for the room and is not lost, as it otherwise would be.

On each side of the smoke-flue 4 a hot-air pipe 28 leads upward from the space between casings 13 and 14, and a short distance above the casings these hot-air pipes are connected by the horizontal drum 29, which has a central flue 30 leading upward. be continued up the chimney to an upper room, where it discharges hot air into it when desired. Both-hot-air pipes 28 have a damper 31, Figs. 3 and4 4, placed inl the space between casings 13 and 14 of the ordinary Hy pattern, pivoted horizontally in the usual manner, and having a short arm 32 projecting outwardfrom its face. oted Vthe sliding rod 33, whichproje'cts.r outward. through theframe-plate 9 and has on itsk Thus the' To the outer end of this arm is p iv.-V

The flue 30 may between casings 13 and 14 through the opening 34 in the casing 13'between the dampers 19 2O 2lv and the damper 31.

The damper 16 is operated by means of a lever 37, attached to* the revolving shaft 38. The inner end of its shaftl and its connection with the damper is shown in Figs. 8 and` 9. The shaft has its inner endjournaled in the post 39 and carries at right angles to it the finger 40, which impinges against the lower Vthen the lever 37 is is thrown over, turning the rod 38, itcarries the finger 40 with it and turns thedamper 16y upward on its pivot, opening the iiue and allowing the-air to pass up between casings 12 and 13, as before described. By reversing the IOO IIO

movement of the lever 37 the finger 40 is withdrawn from beneath the vdamper 16 and the latter closes by its own weight.

The smoke-fine 4 is provided with dampers r41 42, turning on horizontal pivots. To each damper is-pivoted the double link 43, which yis in turn pivoted at 44 to the revolving plate 45. The'latt-er turns on its pivot 46 in the Hue and has a depending arm 47 projecting downward out of the ue in reach of apoker. By drawing this arm forward from the position shown in Fig. 4 the double link 43 will close the dampers 41 42, while by pushingit back again they will be opened, as shown.

What 1 claim as new and ofinyinvention 1s 1. The combination of the open grate 1, the casing12, surrounding'the same and provided with a horizontally corrugated or fluted wall 5, forming the grate-lining, the outer casing 13, surrounding casing 12, so as to leave a vertical space between them, and a series of horizontal shelves 18, fitting against said casing 13 and presenting their exposed edges opposite the iiutings of casing 12, so as each to form an air throat or passage within the casings of substantially even breadth in all its parts, Vwhereby the sheet of air is forced to follow the iiutings directly upward and is not broken into disturbing eddies which interrupt the same, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the open grate 1, the casing 12, surrounding the back and ends of thesameandprovidedwith horizontally-fluted back and end walls 5 5, forming the gratelining, the outer casing 13,surrounding casing 12 at the back and ends of the grate, so ,as to leave a vertical space betweenthem, and a series of horizontal shelves 18 18, fitting against said casing 13 and presenting their` exposed.

' over it and joined to the frame-plate, the casing 13, surrounding the casing 12, so as to form a space between them around and above the grate, and having its upper edge terminating short of the frame-plate, so as to leave a passage between them, the air-inlet 15, the outer casing 14, surrounding the casing 13, so as to form an air-space between them, and joined to the frame-plate around and above the latter, the pipe 28, leading out of the space between casings 13 and 14, and the damper 31 between them,whereby when said damper is opened said last-named space conveys the air to the pipe 28, and when it is closed the same becomes a dead-air space, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the open grate 1, the wrought-iron casing 12, inclosing the back and ends of the same, the cast-iron grate-lining 10, attached to the said casing around the back and ends of the grate and having horizontal iiuted port-ions 5 projecting through spaces formed in said casing, the casing 13, surrounding casing 12 so as to leave a space between them, the air-inlet 15, opening into the bottom of said space below the grate, and an air-outlet opening out from said space above the grate, whereby the angular joints separating the said space between casings 12 and 13 from the grate and fuel are formed of wrought metal and air-tight, and the corrugated grate-back of cast-iron, against which the fuel rests, has the air passing upward between casings 12 and 13 impinging against it, and is joined to the wrought-iron casing 12 on their flat faces, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the open grate provided with the frame-plate 9, the rod 38, projecting through the front of said frame and journaled in post 39, the lever 37, attached to the outer end thereof, and the arm 40, attached to the inner end thereof and projecting under the gravity-closing damper 16 in position to lift and open the same, with the latter pivoted at one edge and inclining upward and closing by the action of gravity when the arm 40 is withdrawn against the vertical face of the base-plate, whereby soot, ashes, dac., falling upon the upper side .of said damper are prevented from lodging between its free edgeand the casing, against which it closes, and obstructing its being opened or closed, substantially as described.

6. The combination of the open grate 1, the casing 12, surrounding the same and provided with a horizontally corrugated or iluted wall 5, forming the grate-lining, the outer casing 13, surrounding casing 12 so as to leave a vertical space between them, and a horizontal shelf 18, fit-ting against casing 13 closely at its back and ends and presenting its exposed edge opposite a fluting of casing 12, so as to form a throat or passage within the casings of substantially even breadth in all itsparts, whereby the sheet of air is forced to follow the fluting direct-ly upward and is not broken into disturbing eddies which interrupt the same, substantially as described.

7. The combination of the open grate 1, the casing 12, surrounding the same and provided with a horizontally iiuted or corrugated wall 5, forming the grate-lining, the outer casing 13, surrounding casing 12 so as to leave an airspace between them, and a series of horizontal shelves 18, fitting against said casing 13 and having each succeeding one presenting its exposed edge toward the lining 12, so as to form a wider throat or passage between them than the shelf below it, whereby additional escape is given to the ascending air as it heats and expands in rising past the shelves, substantially as described.

SAMUEL SHAW.

IOO'

IIO 

